Questions - Вопросы

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Объяснение Вопросы 1
Объяснение Вопросы 2 Test
Объяснение Вопросы 3 Test

In the English language there are several types of questions.

1. General questions

Also known as "Yes/No questions" because a short answer (yes or no) is expected. This kind of question is formed by putting an auxiliary verb before the subject.
General questions most often start with: Do? Did? Have? Has? Is? Are? Was? Were? Can? Could? etc.
Examples:

• Are you from Brazil? Answer: Yes, I am / No, I am not
• Did you meet Andy? Answer: Yes, I did / No, I didn't
• Was she at home yesterday? Answer: Yes, she was / No, she wasn't

2. Special Questions

Special questions are those questions that ask for details. Special questions are also called Wh-questions as most of them start with "wh".
For example: What? Which? When? Where? Why? Whose?
Other special questions include: How? How many? How much?
Special questions require inversion, like general questions.

• Where are you from? Answer: I am from India
• What are you wearing on your head? Answer: I'm wearing a hat or It's a hat!
• How much money do you have? Answer: I have only $10.
• How old are you? Answer: I'm 16.

Attention: If the subject of a special question is the question word itself, then this kind of question is called subject question.
Subject questions have the word order of an affirmative sentence.

• Who will buy milk?
• Who's in charge here?
• What makes you think so?
• Who wants some coffee?

3. Alternative questions
Alternative questions  are also called or-questions because this type of questions gives you a choice. This kind of question is formed like general questions by putting an auxiliary verb before the subject.
General questions most often start with: Do? Did? Have? Has? Is? Are? Was? Were? Can? Could? etc.
Examples:

• Are you from Brazil or Russia?
• Did you watch a movie or played computer games yesterday?
• Was she at home or at work yesterday?

Question tags are short questions that appear at the end of some sentences. We use them to show emphasis, politeness, irony or lack of confidence. Question tags are usually used in informal and spoken English.
QT = question tags
Examples:

• Stop talking, will you?
• They have just arrived, haven't they?
• He wasn't serious, was he?
• Our team will win this match, won't it?
• Justin met her 3 years ago, didn't he?
• Let's meet at the Stadium, shall we?
• She's pretty, isn't she?
• You like her, don't you?
• You don't like her, do you?
• He was there, wasn't he ?

How Do We Form Them?

Main Clause + the comma + Positive/ Negative Auxiliary Verb + PersonalPronoun
As you can see, forming most of question tags is rather easy.
1. If the main clause is positive, like this one:

• He plays football.

...we invert the position of the subject ("he") and the auxiliary verb (in this case, it's "does"), just like it is done when forming questions in English. Then, we add not to the auxiliary verb.

• He plays football, doesn't he?

2. If the main clause is negative, like this one:

• He doesn't play football.

... the QT should be positive:

• He doesn't play football, does he?

More examples:
They don't talk much, do they? (main clause is negative, QT is positive.)
They talk a lot, don't they? (main clause is positive, QT is negative.)
Remember that you should only use personal pronouns in QTs:

• These cars are very comfortable, aren't these cars?
• These cars are very comfortable, aren't they?
• Mary is strikingly beautiful, isn't she?

The above QT are the most common ones. But there are also other more informal question tags:

• You told her, no?
• It is a nice car, innit?
• You have the tickets, right?
• He's a good buddy, eh?
• Clever, ain't it?
• Got some trouble, huh?

Remember that while you must not use them in formal language, they are perfect for some informal chats! :-)

Watch the video about Ben and Holly 'Hard Times' and do the exercises below:

1. What type of questions are they - General (Yes-No questions), Special (Wh-questions), Tag questions (tail-questions), Alternative questions (or-questions)

1. Where would we be without elves?
2. Is there something else?
3. How much do we owe you?
4. We’ll just get some money, won’t we Nanny?
5. Can I have a go?
6. Mr elf, would it be ok to pay you in buttons?
7. What’s money for?
8. How do we get a gold coin?
9. Do you want to be a sailor, a toy factory worker or a farm worker?

2. Watch the video and answer the questions:

1. What was delivered to the castle today?
2. What did Mr Elf want?
3. How much money does the king owe Mr Elf?
4. What grows in the magic money chest?
5. What sounds like popcorn?
6. Why can’t Ben make money?
7. What did Holly put in the chest instead of a coin?
8. Is Mr Elf ok with being paid in buttons?
9. Why did Nanny Plum go red in the face when she told the king that the magic chest was broken?
10. How did Mr King feel when he told Mr Elf that he was short of money?
11. What is King’s bad news and good news?
12. How are they going to get a gold coin to put into the magic chest?
13. How is the king going to get a gold coin?
14. Where do you have to go to get a job?
15. What was the king’s last job?
16. What skills does the king have?
17. What kind of jobs can the job center offer?
18. Who do the sailors need to launch their ship?
19. Does the king think mopping the deck is interesting or dull?
20. Why can’t he use magic to speed things up?
21. Why did the king and sailors abandon ship?
22. Who do the factory workers need to inspect the toys?
23. Does the king like being the ‘gloop elf’?
24. What did the king do wrong in the toy factory?
25. Who do the farm workers need to start their harvest dance?
26. What does a pumpkin need to grow nice and big?
27. Why did the pumpkin explode?
28. How many gold coins did the king earn?
29. Why did the Old Wise Elf give the king the gold coin?
30. Why did the king decide to work evenings?
31. How is the king useful to his people?
32. What job is the king second best at?
33. What job is the king best at?

3. Ask questions about these sentences:
Special (Wh-questions) Somewhere hidden amongst thorny brambles is a little kingdom of elves and fairies.  
General (Yes-No questions) Everyone who lives here is very very small.
Special (Wh-questions) Today’s adventure starts at a little castle.
General (Yes-No questions) Mr Elf delivered food to the castle.
Tag questions (tail-questions) I am just a humble factory worker today.
Special (Wh-questions) The king mopped the deck.
Alternative questions (or-questions) The king pushed a button to make ‘gloop’, he didn’t paint the ducks.
Alternative questions (or-questions) The king watered the pumpkin, not the cabbage.
Tag questions (tail-questions) The king is second best at being king.

SELF-CHECK EXERCISES
QUESTIONS - yes-no, wh, tags and some fun

Learn the words HERE

Conditional I - Yсловные предложения первого типа

The Conditional I is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future — things which may happen:

Example: If it's sunny, we'll go to the park.
Explanation: Maybe it will be sunny — that's possible.
Example: Paula will be sad if Juan leaves.
Explanation: Maybe Juan will leave — that's possible.
Example: If you cook the supper, I'll wash the dishes.
Explanation: Maybe you will cook the supper — that's possible.

Formation:
First conditional If clause + Future will simple main clause
If/when + subject + present simple + subject + will + base verb

Example sentences...
If it rains, I won’t go to the park
If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
She'll be late if the train is delayed.
She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
If I see her, I'll tell her.

Rules:
1. We use the present simple tense to talk about the possible future condition. (If it’s sunny)
2. We use WILL + base verb to talk about the possible future result. (we’ll go to the park)
3. The important thing about the first conditional is that there is a real possibility that the condition will happen.
4. Sometimes, we use other modal verbs such as shall, can, might, or may instead of will, for example: If you are good today, you can watch TV tonight.
5. The present simple tense is always after the if

Watch the video about Ben and Holly's Little Kingdom and match two sides of the sentences to make conditionals:

1. If you look through a real telescope
2. If you look through a joke telescope
3. If Holly opens a box of Ben's chewy sweets
4. If Holly smells the flower
5. If Ben plays jokes on Holly
6. If you use magic in anger
7. If Holly sees a toy spider
8. If Wise Old Elf copies everything Nanny Plum says
9. If Nanny Plum sees a toy mouse
10. If Nanny gets angry
11. If the king gets covered in smelly elf cheese

a. you will see things that are really far far away.
b. he will start laughing.
c. she will break it.
d. she will turn Ben upside down.
e. it can be very dangerous.
f. she will turn Wise Old Elf into a snail.
g. she will scream.
h. Nanny Plum will get angry.
i. it will give you a black eye that will make you look really really silly.
j. she will get scared.
k. she will get wet.

Complete the sentences to make conditional I sentences:

1. If you  ______ (help) me with my homework, I  ______ (finish) it in time to go to the cinema.

2. If it  ______, (not/rain) the students ______ (practice) sport in the playground.

3. Jane______  (come) home early if she______  (not/be) very busy at work.

4. Our teacher ______ (be) pleased if we ______ (do) our homework.

5.  If Robert ______ (play) football with us, we______  (win) the match.

Complete the sentences below in Conditional I, Use the 2nd person singular (You)

1. do Tai Chi/be more relaxed
answer:
2. drive slower/passengers feel safer
answer:
3  suck cough sweet/sore throat get better
answer:
4. eat too late/not sleep
answer:
5. not lift heavy items properly/hurt back
answer:
6. drink milk/stomachache go
answer:
7. take vitamins/have more energy
answer:
8. drink eight glasses of water a day/ skin be sparkling!

SELF CHECK EXERCISES

Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6

Passive Voice - Страдательный Залог

Читать о Пассивном (Страдательном) залоге по-русски.

Look at the two sentences below and answer the questions about them:

• The king invited Lady Helena to sing at the celebrations.
• Lady Helena was invited to sing at the celebrations.

1. From what sentences do we know who invites Lady Helena?
2. How can we express who invites her in the second sentence? What word shall we use? (look at the picture above for help).
3. Which sentence is in the Passive Voice and which one is in Active? How can you tell that the sentence is Passive?

PASSIVE VOICE  be + V3 (V-ed) e.g.: was invited, is taught, will be sent

Passive Voice is more formal than Active Voice.
Passive Voice is used when the action is more important than the doer of the action.
The doer of the action is introduced through the preposition 'by', e.g. 'Merlin was called by the dragon'

Passive Voice is NOT used with:

• Present perfect continuous tense
• Past perfect continuous tense
• Future continuous tense
• Future perfect continuous tense
• Sentence having Intransitive verbs - Непереходные глаголы (walk, go, run, etc.)

Active and Passive Voices - Present Tenses

                                        Active and Passive Voices - Past Tenses

Active and Passive Voices - Future Tenses

Are these sentences Active or Passive? 1) They often listen to music from the palace.

2) Morgana is reading a book of spells.

3) These spells were produced by an evil witch.

4) Gaius teaches Merlin to use magic for good.

5) English is spoken in Camelot.

6) Lots of sorcerers were beheaded by Uther Pendragen.

7) Morgana refused to go to the feast.

8) The sorcerer was caught yesterday.

9) Merlin should never use magic for idiotic pranks.

10) Celebrations have been organized. Watch the video from Merlin - The Dragon's Call III and write down all the sentences that are in Passive Voice: More exercises (self-check) on Passive Voice: Exercises on Passive (Form) Exercise on Passive with Simple Present  Exercise on Passive with Simple Past  Exercise on Passive with Present Perfect  Exercise on Passive with Future I  Exercises on Passive (Active → Passive) Exercise on Passive with Simple Present  Exercise on Passive with Simple Past  Exercise on Passive with Present Perfect  Exercise on Passive with Future I  Exercise on Passive with Auxiliary Verbs  Mixed Exercise on Passive with Passive  Sentences with 2 Objects (Indirect Object, Personal Passive)   Sentences with 2 Objects (Direct Object)   Personal Passive (verbs of perception)   Exercise on Passive with Present Progressive  Exercise on Passive with Past Progressive  Exercise on Passive with Past Perfect  Exercise on Passive with Future II  Exercise on Passive with Conditional I  Exercise on Passive with Conditional II  Exercises on Passive (Active or Passive) Exercise on Simple Present  Exercise on Simple Past  Exercise on Present Perfect  Exercise on Future I with will  Exercise – The Statue of Liberty   Exercise – Portal Dolmen   Summary – The Fellowship of the Ring, part 2, part 3  Grammar in Texts Show Passive Voice in „The Canterville Ghost“  Grammar Exercise on „Washington, DC“  Show Passive Voice in „History of Snowboarding“  Tests on Passive Tenses Active and Passive